ASVAB Arithmetic Reasoning Study Guide: The Math That Actually Matters
Arithmetic Reasoning is one of the four sections that determines your AFQT score. Translation: it directly affects which jobs you qualify for.
Good news? This isn't advanced calculus. It's word problems with basic math. If you can add, subtract, multiply, and divide, you can ace this section.
What to Expect
You'll get 16 questions in 39 minutes. That's over 2 minutes per question — plenty of time if you know what you're doing.
Every question is a word problem. Read carefully. The math itself is usually simple. The trick is figuring out what they're asking.
The Math You Need to Know
Percentages
"What is 15% of 80?" shows up constantly.Quick method: Move the decimal two places left, then multiply. 15% of 80 = 0.15 × 80 = 12
Ratios and Proportions
"If 3 widgets cost $12, how much do 7 widgets cost?"Set up the proportion: 3/12 = 7/x Cross multiply and solve.
Distance, Rate, Time
Distance = Rate × TimeIf you're driving 60 mph for 2.5 hours, you travel 150 miles. These problems are free points once you memorize the formula.
Basic Algebra
Solve for x. Nothing fancy — just move numbers around.3x + 5 = 20 3x = 15 x = 5
Strategy for Word Problems
1. Read the whole problem first — don't start calculating halfway through 2. Identify what they're asking — circle it 3. Write down the numbers — get them out of the paragraph 4. Set up the math — then solve 5. Check if your answer makes sense — if someone earns $50,000/year, they're not making $500/month
Practice Is Everything
Reading about math doesn't make you better at math. Doing problems does.
Set a timer. Work through practice questions. Review the ones you miss. Repeat.
Ready to see where you stand? Take our free ASVAB Arithmetic Reasoning practice test. Real questions, instant feedback.